IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT AGRICULTURE
1.
Father of agronomy is - peter decresenzi.
2.
Dr. Biwant Rajis the founder of Relay cropping .
3.
The Directorate of cropping System research is
located at - Modipuram , meerut, U.P.
4.
Scientific study of mixed cropping was firstly done
by - La-Flitze (1928)
5.
Relay cropping concept was derived from - Relay
race
6.
Natural Resource management is an example of
sustainable agriculture
7.
Cropping System is a component of - framing System
8.
When the sub crop are sown to
supplement of yield of the main crop , the sub crops are known as -- augmenting
crops
9.
The main crop is grown in the
centre , surrounded by hardly or thorny crops, the sub crop is known as - guard
crops
10.
The yield of both crops , grown
together are found to be higher than the yield of their pure crops on unit area
, such cropping is known as -- synergetic cropping
11.
What is a cash crops -- those
crops , which may be sold directly from the field without processing like
vegetables , potato, etc.
12. Formula
of Cropping Intensity = Total Cropping Area /total sown area *100
13. The
growing of two or more crops on the same field in a year is called -- multiple
cropping
14. The
practice of raising grasses or pasture , is also known as -- ley farming
15. In India
, the maximum acreage and production of wheat is in UP
16. The type
of fruit of wheat is Caryopsis
17. The
optimum temperature for ideal germination of wheat is 20 to 25 °C
18. Norin-10
gene was brought to USA by - S.c. salamone 1984
19.
The dwarf winter variety of wheat
first time developed through using Norin gene by - Dr. O.A.Vogel (USA)
20. Triple
gene dwarf variety were released in 1970
21.
Which is double gene dwarf
varieties of wheat - HD 2204, Janak, UP 215, Pratap, Kalyansona, Arjun, Sonara
64
22. Single
gene dwarf varieties are - Sonalika , Girija, UP-262 ,Wl 711,Lerma Rojo 64A
23. The
protein found in wheat floor which is helpful for chapati making - Gluten
24. Central
Zig - Zag axis of wheat is called -Rachis
25. Mexican
dwarf wheat was evolved by - Dr. N. E. Borlaug
26. The toxic
alkaloid found in the leaves of sorghum crops is - Dhurin or HCN
27. CSH 1 was
released as first dwarf sorghum hybrid in 1964
28. Which
crop is known as camel crops - Sorghum
29. Native of
jower is Africa (Ethiopia & Sudan)
30. The
maximum area & Production of jowar is in Maharashtra
31. Jower is poor
in lysine but rich in - Leucine
32. The
inflorescence of jower is called – Panicle
33. First
hybrid variety of bajara is HB-1 (1965) developed at PAU, Ludhiana
34. Protein
content in Bajra is 11-12 %
35. Origin of
bajra is Africa
36. Bajra is
sensitive to - water logging and Acidic soil
37. The
largest producer state of cotton in India is -Gujarat
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39. In cotton
, the maturity of fibre is judged by – Arealometer
40. H-777 is
the cultivar of cotton
41. Hybrid -4
is the first commercial cotton of the world developed by - Dr.C.T. Patel in
1970
42. The
leaves of cotton becomes radish in colour due to decrease nutrient uptake and
moisture .
43. Origin of
cotton is from - India
44. Cotton belongs
to- malvaceae
45. Intra -
Specific hybrid of cotton is -Hybrid -6, savita, surya.
46. Interspecific
hybrid of cotton is - Varalaxmi , DCH-32 , HB -224 etc.
47. One seed
of cotton has 60000-80000 fibres
48. Ginning
%= wt. of lint / wt. of seed cotton taken for ginning * 100
49.
The removal of lower leaves which
come in contact with soil and lose their commercial value is known as priming
process.
50. Priming
method is used in - Cigarette and wrapper tobacco
51.
The main aim of topping and
Desuckering is - to divert the energy and nutrient of plant from flower to
leaves.
52. The
removal of the lateral branches or suckers or auxiliary buds is called -
desuckring .
53. Central
tobacco research institute is situated at - Raja - h - Mundri, AP (1947)
54. The
richest source of protein among the food grain is - Pulses
55. Head
quarter of directorate of pulses research is located in - Kanpur UP
56. Which
pulse crop doesn’t fix N2 from atmosphere -Rajma
57. The word
pulse is derived from - French world pottage or poride means - soup (dal)
58. The term
legume is taken from - latin word - means to collect
59. India is
the largest producer of – gram
60. The sour
taste of gram leaf is due to presence of - Maleic acid(60%) and oxalic acid
61. Shelling
% of Pea is 49
62. Harvest
index of arhar is 19 %
63. Origin of
aarhar is from – Africa
64. Queen of
cereals is called Maize
65. The
composite cultivars of maize are - Kisan , jawahar ,Amber ,Vijay , Sona ,
Vikaram, etc.
66.
Maize is a C4 Plant
67. In India
the rank first state in area and production of maize is UP
68. The maize
Protein is called- Zein
69. Male
inflorescence of maize is called –Tassel
70. The
critical stage for water application in maize is - Tasseling and silking stage
71. Which
Indian scientist shared world food prize for miracle maize - Dr.Sruinder
K.Vasal(2000)
72. Origin of
maize from - Mexico
73. All India
Coordinated Maize Improvement Project was started in -1957 at New Delhi
74. Double
cross technique for hybrid seed production was developed by - D.F. Jones (1920)
75. The idea
of hybrid maize was first conceived by : E.M. east and G.H. Shull (1910)
76. The
criteria for harvesting of sugarcane - withering of lower leaves ,brix 20 % ,
sucrose 15 %
77. Algin
planting method of sugarcane is evolved by - Allahabad agriculture institute ,
Allahabad , UP
78. Adsali
sugarcane is common in Maharashtra
79. sugarcane
is planted in furrows because - it reduce lodging
80. Inflorescence
of sugarcane is generally called - Arrow or open panicle.
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82. Sugar
from juice is - 6-10%
83. Hand
refrectometer reading for sugarcane maturity is 20
84. Sugarcane
breeding Institute is situated at - Coimbatore
85. Adhsali
Sugar cane crop mature in 18 months
86. father of
hybrid rice is - Yuan Long Pin
87. India’s first
dwarf variety released during 1968 was jaya .
88. World’s
first high yielding semi dwarf basmati rice variety is - pusa basmati - 1
89. World’s
first super rice variety for saline / alkaline soil – Lunishree
90. Harvesting
of paddy is done at moisture content - 21-23 %
91. First
mutant variety of rice is jagannath( gamma ray irradiation of T-141)
92. Which gas
is released from field of paddy - Methane (CH4)
93. SRI
techniquecue was originated in Madagascar in 1987 by prof. Henry De Laulanie
94. First
super fine aromatic basmati hybrid is - Pusa RH-10
95. Oilseed
production programme was started during - 1990-91
96. Technology
mission on oilseed was est. 1986
97. National
Research Centre for groundnut was est.at Junagarh (Gujarat)
98. Indian
central Oilseed Committee was est. 1947
99. All India
Coordinated Project on Oilseeds was est. during 1967
100. Main
adulteration in mustered - argemone mexicana oil
101. Mustard
fruit is known as - siliqua
102. Pungency
of mustard is done to - isothiocynate
103. National
seed corporation was established in March – 1963
104. Seed Act
was passed in 1966 (29 dec)
105. Tetrazolium
Test is done for - viability and vigour
106. The
Indian seed Act came into force on 2 oct 1969
107. NSC
started functioning in July 1963
108. The head
quarter of NSC is - Pusa compus , ND
109. National
Seed project was launched in – 1976
110. The world
meteorology is derived from- Greek language
111. International
meteorological organization was est. in – 1873
112. Division
of Agri. Meteorology at pune , Maharashtra was est. in 1932
113. Solar
radiation is measured by – pyranometer(total incoming radiations)
114. Agro
Ecological Zones in India is 8( by NARP ICAR), 21(by NBSSLUP)—but now only 20
115. Agro
-climatic zones (15 nos.) are formed in
India during 7th five year plan (1988)
116. The green
Ouse gases are - CO2 , CFC , CH4, etc.
117. Indian
meteorological Dept. was est. in the year of -1875
118. Wind
velocity is measured by -Anemometer .
119. Father of
agro- climatology is - Koppen
120. Koppen
classified the climate based on - temperature & Precipitation
121. The study
of weather is called – meteorology
122. The term
weed was firstly used by - jethrotull
123. National
Research centre for weed science is situated at-Jabalpur (MP)
124. Commercial
mycoherbices first appeared in market USA in early 1980s
125. National
horticulture board was est.at Gurgaon (Haryana )
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127. Central
temperate Horticulture Research institute is situated at - Srinagar (J&K)
128. International
institute of horticulture is situated in – Brazil
129. Who is
the father of pomology – Decandolle
130. National
horticulture board was est. in the year 1984
131. Who was
the first deputy director general of horticulture , ICAR - dr. K.L. Chadha
132. Which
vegetable rank first among vegetable crops in production in the world – potato
133. In India
, potato was introduced by Portuguese in 1965
134. Research
on potato was stared at IARI New Delhi in – 1935
135. The
International potato centre was est.in 1971 at lima (Peru)
136. Central
potato Research Institute was est. in – 1949
137. Seed
plant technique was developed by - Dr. Pushkarnath
138. The Head
quarter of CPRI was Shifted from Patna to Shimla in 1956
139.
True potato seed concept was
first realize to raise commercial crop in India by Dr. S.Ramanujam (Fist
director of CPRI)
140. Cauliflower
was introduced in India by Dr. Jemson from Kew Garden, London in the year 1822
141. Male
sterility in cauliflower was introduced by Peerson (1981)
142. The toxic
substance of cucurbits is – cucurbitacin
143. Which
hormones are used in cucurbits to modify sex and to induce femaleness - GA
& NAA
144. Seedless
variety of mango is - Sindhu (devloped at FRS vengurula )
145. Most
exported variety of mango is - Alphonso
146.
Black tip in mango is a
physiological disorder due to brick clin fumes mostly CO, SO2 or deficiency of boron
147. Which
type of incompatibility is found in mango - gemtophytic
148. Mango
variety , most suitable for high density planting is Amarpali
149. Mango
inflorescence contains , which type of flowers - male and hermaphrodite
150. The off
season mango variety is - Niranjan
151. The only
mutant cultivarr of mango is – Rosica
152. Magnifera
contains about 41 species
153. The
regular bearing varieties of mango are - neeum , Banglora , pairi, etc .
154. Mosambi a
sweet orange cultivar was introduced from - Mozambi ue
155. The
edible portion of citrus fruits is -juicy placental hairs
156. The first
record of the name grape fruit in jamaica was in – 1814
157. The
Banana breeding was first stared at - Imperial college of tropical agriculture
in Trinidad (1922)
158. Banana
Breeding was stared in India in 1949 at central Banana Research station , aduthurai
(TN)
159. Banana
can be stored at - 13 C and 85 % RH
160. Banana
initiate flowering 9-12 months after Planting
161. The
notice is papaya is tropical America
162. The
yellow pigment in papaya is caricaxanthin
163. Papaya is
the richest source of vitamin A next to mango it contains 2020 IU/ 100 g fruit
164. King of
temperate fruit is - Apple
165. Family of
apple is Rosaceae
166. Mother of
all delicious group of cultivars is - red delicious
167. The king
of arid fruit is ber
168. The
commercial propagation method off grape is - hard wood cutting
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170. Red soil
is mostly found in – Tamilnadu
171. The soil
which is most suitable for most crops is - sandy loam
172. Red
colour in the red soils is due to presence of various oxides of irons
173.
The vertical section of the soil
showing the various layers from the surface to the unaffected parent material
is known as - soil profile .
174. The
arrangement of soil particles and their aggregate into certain defined is called - soil
structure
175. Particle
density of soil is also known as - true density
176. Generally
the particles density of normal soil is - 2.65 gram/cm3
177. The bulk
density of normal soil is - 1.33 g/cm 3
178. The
formula of porosity of soil is - porosity =100-(bulk density / Particle density
)
179. The
certain exchange capacity (CEC) of montmorillonite is - 60-100 me / 100 gm
180. The first
soil classification system was developed by - russion scientist Dokuchaev
(1880)
181. The U.S
classification system the soil orders are – 10
182. Formula
of bulk density is= wt. of soil / volume of solids and pores
183. Law of
minimum was given by - Vn Liebig (1840)
184. Top most
mineral horizon is - A horizon
185. exchangeable
sodium %age is also known as soluble %age
186. The term
pH was introduced by Sorensen (1909)
187. Energy
exchange elements are H & O
188. K &
Na is determined by Flame Photometer
189. Micro
nutrient is also known as - trace element , Oligo -element or spurned elements
190. Crop
logging techniqueue was given by - H. F. Clements
191. Metal
nutrients are - K, fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu.
192. Highly
mobile nutrients are - N,P,K.
193. Criteria
of essentiality was proposed by Arnon & Stout (1939)
194. The term
fictional nutrient was proposed by - Nicholas (1961)
195. Moderate
mobile nutrient is Zn
196. FYM
contains - 0.5% N , 0.2 % P2O5 & 0.5 % K2O
197. The P is
available at 6-7 pH
198. Bio
fertilizers are - Rhizobium , Azotobacter, Azospirillum , PSB, VAM,BGA, etc.
199. Approx.
20 gram of rhizobium culture is required to treat one kg seed
200. One
packet of rhizobium culture contains 20 gram of rhizobium culture
201. Azotobacter
is used for - Rice , cotton , s.cane
202. Azospirillum
bio fertilizer used for Sorghum
203. The
cytoplasm and nucleus combinedly called - protoplasm
204. Cell
theory was proposed by M.J. Schleden and Theodo Schwann
205. The term
Lysosomes was first used by Dave in 1955
206. The main
function of Golgi bodies are - packaging of food materials such as protein ,
lipids etc.
207. The
function of ribosomes are - protein synthesis
208. The term
mitochondria was given by - C Benda (1897)
209. The
simple microscope was invented by - Galileo (1610)
210. The
shortest phase of all mitosis phase is - Anaphase
211. Meiotic
division is also known as reducetional division
212. The term
mitosis was coined by Fleming (1882)
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214. Segregation
occurs during meiosis
215. The
longest mitotic phase is -Prophase
216. Absorption
Spectrum of photosynthesis is blue and red
217. Action
Spectrum of photosynthesis is red and blue
218. Dark
reaction was discovered by Blackman
219. Dark
reaction is also known as - Blackman reaction or C3 – cycle
220. The main
site for dark reaction of photosynthesis is – stroma
221. The
evaporation of water from plants is called - transpiration
222. Evaporation
from soil and transpiration combined are called ET
223. C4 Plants
proposed by Hatch and slack (1970)
224.
The darkk reaction process of
photosynthesis has been named variously - Calvin cycle or Blackman reaction
225. Light
reaction is also known as Hill reaction
226. In
photosynthesis , the solar energy converts into - Chemical energy
227. The
OSMOSIS term was given by - Abble Nollet
(1748)
228. The term “diffusion
pressure deficit “ was introduced by - Meyer in 1938
229. The term
Imbibition was coined by - Sachs
230. Imbibition
Pressure is also known as - Matric Potential
231. Root pressure
word was coined by- Stephan Hales
232. Father of
Physiology - Stephan Hales
233. Soil les
cultivation of plants is known as Hydroponics
234. Rate of
transpiration is determined by - Potometer
235. The loss
of sap (water) from the injured parts of plants is called - Bleeding
236. Approximately
90% of the world photosynthesis is carried out by - Marine and frsh water algae
237. Net
production of ATP in Glycolysis is 2
238. Growth
rate is measured by Auxanometer & Cresco graph
239. Photoperiodism
term was coined by -TD Lysenko (1920)
240. Apical
Bud dominance is caused by which hormone - Auxin
241. Which
hormones is used as a herbicide=auxin
242. Which
hormone is related to drought tolerance- absicic acid (ABA)
243. Dormancy
break by which hormone - Cytokinis
244. Stress
hardening in plants can be active by which hormone ABA
245. Fruit
ripening hormone is - ethylene
246. The term
auxin was used by - Frits went (Holland) 1905
247. Want’s auxin
is now known as - Indole -3-acetic acid (IAA)
248. Which
hormones are the Auxin - IAA, IBA, NAA , 2-4-D,2,4,5-T’ MCPA ,IPA TIBA etc
249. Shedding
of plant parts is due to- ABA hormones
250. Cycocel
(CCC) is a growth retardant
251. The most
widely used auxin herbiceds are 2-4-D,2,4,5-T’ MCPA
252. Gibberellins
were first discovered in japan
253. The
hormones also known as - Photo hormones , growth hormones , growth substances
254. Main
auxin is also known as -IAA
255. Root
promoting hormones is IBA
256. The
precursor of IAA is - Tryptophasne
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258.
The term phytohormone for hormones of plants is
suggested by - Thimann (1948)
259. The term
genetic resources was coined by - Frankel
260. Mendel
began his famous experiments on Pea in 1857
261.
Mendel Paper entitled “Experiments
in Plant Hybridization “ was presented in German Language in two papers in 1865
(feb 8 and march 8)
262. Mendel
Paper published in the annual proceeding of society in 1866
263. The term “Genetics”
was coined by - Bateson (1905)
264. The term
gene , genotype and phenotype were used by - Johannsen in 1903
265. Germplasm
theory was proposed by Weismann
266. Crossing
over term was used first time by- Morgan and cttell in 1911
267. Operon
model of gene regulation was discovered by - Jacob and Monad 1961
268. The term
chromosome was coined by -Waldeyer in 1888
269. One gene
one enzmes hypothesis was proposed by- Beadle and Tatum In 1941
270. First
time gene was divided into cistron, muton and recon by Benzer (1955)
271. Sex
chromosomes are also known as allosomes
272. Crossing
over occurs in - Pachytene stage
273.
The tendency of two or more genes
to remain together in the same chromsome during inheritance is referred to as -
Linkage
274. Chiasma
type theory of crossing over was proposed by -Janssens
275. Genic
balance system of sex determination was proposed by- bridge in 1922
276. Monogenic
sex determination is found in - Asparagus , Papaya , maize , spinach etc.
277. The
homozygous progeny of a self - pollinated homozygous plant is known as - Pure
lines
278. The
concept of purelines theory was developed by -Johannsen (1903), Danish
biologist
279.
Breeding method for self
-pollinated crops are - Pure line selection , Mass Selection , Progeny
selection, Bulk Method, Pedigree method , single seed descent method , Back
cross Method
280. A
multiline variety is a mixture of -Several pure lines
281. Bulk
method was first used by- Nelson Ehle in 1908
282. The
modification of bulk method is - Single seed descent
283. In pure
line Theory ,Johannsen was working on- Princess variety of Rajma
284. Mass
Pedigree Method was proposed by- Harrington in 1937
285. The
oldest method of selection is - mass Selection
286. Progeny
test was developed by -Louis de Vilmorin
287. Progeny
Test is also known as - Vilmorin isolation principle
288. Single
seed Descent method applied for the first time in oat in 1965 by – Graphius
289. The term
recurrent selection was coined by -Hull in1945
290.
The use of synthetic varieties
for commercial cultivation was first suggested in maize by-Hayes and Garber ,
1919
291. Synthetic
varieties are maintained by-open Pollination
292. A
synthetic variety can be developed from-Inbreeds, clones and open pollinated
varieties .
293. The
general or basic concept in the development of synthetic varieties is -
Exploitation of hybrid vigour
294. The
concept of disruptive mating and selection was developed by - Mather (1953) and
Thody (1958)
295. The
Concept of dialled selective mating system was originally develped by - jonsen
in 1970
296. The
hetrosis is also known as - Hybrid vigour
297. The term
heterosis was first used by - Shull in 1914
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299. The cross
between inbred line and open pollinated variety was done in - top cross method
300. The
resistance of host to the particular race of a pathogen is known as - vertical
resistance
301. vertical
resistance is governed by- One or few genes
302. The
resistance of host to the all race of a pathogen is known as - Horizontal
resistance
303. The
concept of gene for gene hypothesis was first developed by- flor in 1946
304. The
disease resistance is governed by- several genes
305. Who
developed the concept of vertical and horizontal resistance - j. E . Vender
Plank (1963)
306. Father of
genetic engineering is - Pual Berg
307. Polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) was developed by - Dr. Karl Mullis (1980)
308. Golden
rice was developed by Ingo protrykus and peter bayer
309. The plant
part , which is used for regeneration is called - Explant
310. A mass of
regenerated cells i culture medium is called - Callus
311. the
suspension of free cells of callus in a liquid medium is known as - Suspension
culture
312. the
regeneration capacity or ability of a plant cell to develop into whole plant is
known as – Totipotency
313.
What is the embryogenesis - It is the process of
formation of somatic embryos from callus
314. the
process of dirrerentiation of shoot & root from the somatic embyos is
called – organogenesis
315. Regeneration
of whole plant from anther is called - anther culture
316. Haploid
are developed by - Anther culture
317.
The Blue biotechnology is a term
that has been used to describe - The marine and a uatic application of to
describe
318. The
biotechnology applied to agriculture process is known as -Industrial
Biotechnology
319. the first
genetically modified food product was a -Tomato , which was transformed to
delay its ripening
320. M-RNA is
primarily used for - Transcription of DNA
321. RFLP
stands for - Restricting fragment length polymorphism
322. Plant
tissue culture was begun by - G. Haberlandt (geman botanist ) in 1808
323. research
in the area of tissue culture was first stared in india at - Department of
Botany , DU in 1960s
324. National
bureau of plant genetics resources is situated at -New Delhi
325. The project
on Indian mustard oil with higher b-carotene is initiated by - TERI
326. A
genotype developed by the process of genetic engineering is called - Transgenic
327.
what is gene cloning - A
technique of genetic engineering , which is used to make several identical
copies of a gene is called gene cloning
328. which
soil borne bacterium is used for developed of transgenic plants - agrobacterium
tumifaciens
329. In potato
, the protein quality has been improved by - transferring serum albumin gene
from human
330. In
tobacco , cold resistance power has been achieved by tranering gene from
-Arabidopsis thaliana
331. Little
leaf of citrus is caused by - MLO,s
332. Pahala
blighted s.cane is caused due to deficiency of - Mn
333. Reclamation
disease is caused due to the deficiency of – Cu
334. Late blight
of potato is caused by - Phytophthora infestence (fungi)
335. Bunchy
top of banana is caused by – virus
336. Grassy
shoot disease of s.cane is caused by – mycoplasma
337. kresek in
rice is caused by - Xanthomonas oryzae
338. heart rot
of sugar beat is casued by - Deficiency of boron
339. Most
dangerous disease of potato - Late blight of potato
340. Philology
disease in plants is caused by - Mycoplasma
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342. Sheath
blight of rice is caused by- Rhizoctonia solani
343. vector of
leaf -curl disease in cotton is - White flies
344. Orobanche
is a parasite associated with – tobacco
345. Akiochi
disease is due to - sulphur toxicity
346. White
rust of crucifers is caused by - Albugo, candida , fungi
347. Ufra
disease in rice is caused by- Nematode
348. Whiptail
of cauliflower is due to the deficiency of - Mo.
349. Vector of
rice tungro virus is - Green leaf hopper
350. Kresek
symptom is found in - Bacterial blight
351. loose
smut disease of wheat is a - Internally seed Borne
352. Mantek
Disease of rice is caused by - Rice root nematode
353. Yellow
leaves of tea occur due to the deficiency of – Sulphur
354. Die back
of shoots occur due to deficiency of - Copper
355. die back
is the major disease of rose in India
356. Crop
showing maximum resistance to nematode is - marigold
357. The late
blight disease destroy the potato crop of Ireland in 1845
358.
Father of pathology is - Anton de berry
359. Father of
mycology is - P.A. Micheli
360.
Life cycle of wheat rust is given by - K.C. Mehta
361. Top
sickness of tobacco is caused by - Deficiency of boron
362. The
pathogen associated with the discovery of bordeause mixture is - Plasmosphora
viticola
363. Loose
smut of wheat can be controlled by seed treatment of – Vitavax
364. Late
blight of potato was introduced in India for first-time in - nilgiri –hills
365. Black
heart of potato is caused by - Poor ventilation in storage (lock of oxygen)
366.
The tundu disease of wheat is usually associated
with nematode known as – anguina tririci
367. Udabatta
disease of rice is due to -- Ephelis oryzae
368. Ring rust
of Aonla is caused by - Ravenellia emblica var. fructoidae
369. Flag smut
of wheat is caused by - Urouystis gramines
370. Leaf curl
disease of tobacco is caused by virus and it is transmitted by - White fly
371. Leaf
blight of cotton is caused by - Alternaria macrospora
372. father of
nematology – Bastian
373. Father of
Microbiology - Louis Pasteur
374. Bacterium
was discovered by – Antony van leewenhock
375. fungicide
used in the control of smut is – Vitavax
376. father of
modern Plant pathology is - Anton de Berry
377. bordeaux
mixture was developed by - P.M.A. Millardet
378. Common
nematicides are - DD Mixture , Phorate , Etylene bromide , etc.
379. Central
Plant protection training institute is situated at - Hyderabad ( AP)
380. first
plant protection adviser to govt. of India - H.S. Pruthvi.
381. integrated
pest control term was coined by - Bartlett ( 1956)
382. The Term “
Pest Management “ was given by - Geier (1970)
383. The blood
colour of insects is - Green with yellow
384. Honeybees
belongs to the order of – Hymenoptera
385. Entomology
word was taken from - Greek language
Compiled by: Premaradhya, N. M.Sc. Agri. Agronomy Page 9 of 18
387. The first
pesticide was discovered by -Millardet-(1882)
388. DDT was
discovered by - Zedler scientist
389. First insecticide
discovered was – DDT
390. Plant
protection and quarantine Act was pased in the year of – 1912
391.
insecticide act was passed in 1968
392. destructive
insect and Pest Act was passed in – 1914
393. Maximum
%age of insecticide is used in which crop - Cotton (54 %)
394.
“Warfarin “ is a rodenticide
395. Contact
insecticides are - DDT, Malathian , Aldicarb , Monocrotophos , Aldrin , etc.
396. Bio
pesticides are - NPV, GV, Bacillus thuringiensis etc.
397. Pest
population should be kept below the - Economic Threshold level
398. Very
safest insecticidede for honeybee – Endosulphon
399. Rat
poison is known as - Zinc phosphide (Zn3P2)
400. Lead
arsenate was first used in 1832 by Moulton
401. Overhead
cost is known as - Fixed cost
402. Price
theory is a branch of - Mico- Economices
403. Average
cost is e ual to - Total cost / Output
404. Land rent
is an example of fixed cost
405. prime
cost is also known as - Variable cost
406. opportunity
coast is also known as - alternative cost
407. The
father of economics is - Adam Smith
408. Diminishing
return is also known as - Law of variable
409. The most
effective way to overcome the defects of agricultural marketing is - Regulating
marketing
410.
the law of variable proportion is
generally referred to as the - law of diminishing return production is a
function of - Factors
411. AGMARK
act was enforced in a year – 1937
412. In mixed
farming , the contribution of livestock to gross farm income is at least
413. Input
-Output relationship is also known as - production function
414. Those
product , in which two product produced together are called - joint product
415. Dumping
activity is seen under - monopoly
416. Export -
Import bank of India was set up on - 1st January , 1982
417. IRDP was
stared in the year of - 2 Oct , 1980
418. When
marginal production is zero , then total production is – maximum
419. National
demonstration \project was stared in the year
420. KVK is
also known as - Farm science centre
421.
KVK was stared in the year 1974
422. Operational
Research Project was stared in the year 1974-75
423. lab to
land programme was stared in the year - 1979 June 1
424. National
agri. technology project was stared in the year 1998-99
425. KVK was
recommended by- Mohan Singh Mehta Committee (1974)
426. Community
Development Project was stared on – 1952
427.
National Extension Service (NES) was stared in the
year of 1953
428.
Firka Development Scheme was
launched under the guidance of National Commission of Agriculture was set up by
government of India – 1970
Compiled by: Premaradhya, N. M.Sc. Agri. Agronomy Page 10 of 18
430. Marthendam
programme was started by - Dr. Spencer Hatch in 1921
431. etawah
Pilot project was started by - Mr.Albert Mayer in Sep 1948
432. Indian
village Service was started in 1945 by - Mr. Arther T. Mosher and Shri BN gupta
433. The aim
of Etowah Pilot project is - Introducing intensive work on the Rural
reconstruction front
434. Intensive
Agriculture District programme was popularly known as - Package programme
435.
IRDP was lunched on - 2 oct 1980
436. National
Agricultural Research project was launched in - Jan, 1979
437. T&V
system was evolved in - 1973 by Israeli expert Daniel Benor At Turkey
438. Training
of Rural Youth for Self Employment ( TRYSEM) in 1979
439. Total
number of KVK operating in the country till
Dec 2011 – 600
440. Antuadya
Yojana was started in 2 oct 1977
441. Sampoorna
Grammeen Rojgar Yojna was started in the year of 2001
442. FCI was
started in 1970
443. FISCAL
commission was appointed in 1949
444. Multiple
Cropping Programming was Started in 1966
445. First
irrigation commission was appointed in 1901
446. first
deptt. of agriculture was established in 1881
447. the
extension work must be based on the - Need and interest of people
448. Father of
Extension- J paul Leagons
449. father of
Sociology- August Commte
450. National
agricultural innovation project was stared in – 2005
451. Total
number of national bureaux are – six
452. Formula
of coefficient of variance is - SD/Mean *100
453. t test is
generally used , when sample size is < 30
454. The
correlation coefficient lies between - -1 to + 1
455. The
experimental design ,which simultaneously control the variation in two
directions is known as LSD
456. The basic
principles of field experimentation - 1 Replication 2 Randomized 3 Local
control
457. The
technique of analysis of variance was developed by - R.A. Fisher
458.
If fertility gradient of land is in two directions
, the experimental design will be - Latin Square design
459. the most
commonly used measure of control tendency is - Arithmetic mean
460. Cumulative
frequency is also known as – Ogive
461. The term ’
Kurtosis ’ was given by - Karl Pearon (1906)
462. Laplace
used the normal distribution in - Analysis of errors of experiments
463. the
important method of least squares was introduced by - Legendre in 1805
464. The name “
Normal distribution “ was coined independently by - Peirce Galton and Lexix
, (1875)
465.
Normal distribution is also known
as - Law of error ,law of facility of error, lapace’s seconf law , gaussion law
etc.
466. Generalize
mean is also known as - Power mean or Holder mean
467. The
standard deviation is widely used measure of - Variability ordisperson
468. The term
standard deviation was first used by - Karl Pearson in 1894
469. if mean ,
medium and mode is equal , then skewness will be – zero
470. Correlation’s
are useful because they can indicate a - Predictive relationship
471.
which ANOVA is used when the
experimenter want to study the effects of two or more treatment variables -
Factorial ANOVA
Compiled by: Premaradhya, N. M.Sc. Agri. Agronomy Page 11 of 18
472.
Which ANOVA is used when the
subjects are subjects to repeated measures , in which the same subjects are
used for each treatment - Two- Way Anova
473. The
completely randomized design is considered to be most useful in situation where
1. The
experimental units are homogeneous
2. The
experimental are small such as Laboratory experiments
3. Some
experimental units are likely to be destroyed
474.
In field experiments the commonly used design is –
RBD
475. For chi-
square test , the minimum sample size should be – 50
476. Define
biometry - It deals with observation with living thing
477. mean ,
median and mode are equal in - normal distribution
478. most
frequent number in a data set , is known as - mode
479. the
well-known example of skewed distribution is - Personal wealth
480. Harmonic
mean is the - Reciprocal of arithmetic mean
481. the term
z - test is often used to refer specifically to the - one sample location test
482. t Test is
a - Parametric test
483. the
goodness of fit test is also known as - kolmogorov - smirnov test
484.
The number of independent pieces
of information that go into the estimate of a parameter is called - Degree of
freedom
485. The
typical symbol for degree of freedom is - d.f.
486. F-test
was coined by - George W. Snedecor , in honour of sir Ronald A fisher
487. The term “
water harvesting “ was first used by – myors
488. The force
working with the attraction of water molecules toward each other is known as -
Cohesion
489. The force
working with the attraction of water molecules toward solid particles is known
as – Adhesion
490.
The water held tightly to the
surface of soil particles by adsorption forces is known as - Hygroscopic water
491.
Water held by force of surface as
continuous film around soil particles and in capillary space is known as -
capillary water
492. Capillary
water is held between tension of 31 and 1/3 atmosphere
493. the
movement of water from the surface into the soil is Called - Infiltration
494.
The water moves freely in
response to gravitational force and drain out of the soil is called as
gravitational water
495. the water
between field capacity & permanent wilting point is called as - Available
water
496. Drip
irrigation concept was proposed by - Simcha blass
497. One ha.
Cm of irrigation is equal to 100000 litters
498. major
source of irrigation in India is wells (52%)
499. Which
irrigation method is widely used in fruit orchard - Bain method
500.
Intermittent on & off system used in irrigation
method is
501. the
automatic method of surface irrigation is - Coblegation
502. leading
state in drip irrigation in India is - Maharashtra
503. Soil
moisture is measured by - Tension meter
504. Water
requirement of irrigation wetland rice is about -1500MM
505. total
water requirement of sugarcane crop is 200-300 cm
506. in saline
soil , the method for irrigation used s - flood method
507. pF value
was first introduced by- Schofield
508. vertical
movement of water in soil is known as – Percolation
Compiled by: Premaradhya, N. M.Sc. Agri. Agronomy Page 12 of 18
510. parsall
flume is used for measurement of - water Flow
511. Sericulture
is also known as -Silk Farming
512.
the rearing of silkworms for the production of raw
silk is known as – Sericulture
513. How much
silkworms are required to produce 1kg of silk 5500
514. How much
people are engaged in various sericulture activities in the country - 60 lakh
515. Central
Sericulture research & Training Institute is situated at - Mysore ,
Karnataka
516. Sericulture
has been practiced for at least 5000 years in china
517. Apiculture
is also known as bee keeping
518. Apiculture
word was taken from - Latin world
519. A
location where bees are kept is called An Apiary
520. A
beekeeper is also known as - Apiarist
521. A
beekeeper bee in order to - Collect honey , bee wax, to pollinate crops , to
produce bees for sale
522. What is
beekeeping - I is maintenance of honey bee colonies , commonly in hives , by
humans
523. the two
economically important products of bee keeping is Honey and wax
524. average
yield of Indian bee is - 6-8 Kg /Cony / year
525. The main
freshwater fish are - Cop and catfish
526. the main
brackish - water fish are - Hilsa and mullet
527. central
Institute of marine Fisheries Research was established - Kochi , kerla
528. The
central inland fisheries Institute was established at - Barrack pure (W.B)
529. The
central institute of fisheries technology was est. at - Wwellindon Island near
Kochi , Kerala
530. Hydroponics’
is also known as - Soil less culture
531.
The Method of growing plants
using minerals nutrients solutions , in water, without soil is called -
hydroponics
532.
In 1699 john Woodward published his water culture
experiment with the crop of – Spearmint
533. Hydroponics
traditionally known as - solution culture
534.
First time who promoted that
solution culture can be used for agriculture crop production - Prof. William
Frederich Gericks , University of California at Berkeley in 1929
535. The term
Aquaculture for hydroponics was used for the first time by Prof. William F.G.
536. The
Mutant Varity of rice is - Jagannath
537. The
Pecursor of vitamin - A is - Bita carotene
538. Azolla is
a - a uatic fern
539. The Blur
revolution in India was started during - fifth five year plan (1970)
540. Evergreen
revolution is related to - Sustainable crop Production
541. Precision
Farming is also known as - Site specific management
542. SRI
technique Was developed in – Madagascar
543. The term
synecology was given by - Schroter & Kirchner (1902)
544. Pusa
Mukta is the cultivar of Cabbage
545. World’s
super rice variety , which is suitable for saline / Alkaline soil conditions is
–Lunishree
546. NRCMAP is
currently est. at- An and (Gujarat)
547.
IPR stands for - intellectual Property Right
548. Beaufort
Scale is used t measure - WIND pressure / strength
549. What is dioeciously
? Those plants which contain on male and female flowers
550. The
element that play an important male and female protoplasm constituent is –
calcium
551. Wheat is
a C3 plant
Compiled by: Premaradhya, N. M.Sc. Agri. Agronomy Page 13 of 18
553. Mean
,Median and Mode is equal in - Normal distribution
554. The
inflorescence of jowar is called – Panicle
555. Gromer ,
SCU and CDU are the - Slow release fertilizers
556.
Low of tolerance was introduced by - SHELFORD
557. End
product of glycolysis is – Pyruvate
558. define
lithophytes - The plant grown is rock cervices are called lithophytes
559. During
glycolysis , the Net gain of ATP is - 2
560. Phosphorus
is extracted by - Olsen method
561. The
correlation between price and demand of a commodity is –negative
562. The limit
of partial correlation coefficient is - -1 to +1
563.
For reclamation of saline and Alkaline soils used
are - Gypsum and Pyrite
564. The term
ecosystem was coined by - A.G.Tansley (1935)
565. What is
parthenocarpy - The development of fruit without fertilization
566. The
development of embryo without fertilization is called - Apomixes
567. Relative
humidity is measured by- Pshychrometer
568. Father of
Indian pale botany is - Birbal sahni
569. The weed
used for ornamental purpose is- Lantana Camaera
570. The core
component of chlorophyll is – Mg
571. The
soybean is sown at the depth of - 3 cm
572. The most
prominent soil of India is - Alluvial soil
573. Chaisma
is seen during - Diplotene sub - Phase
574. The
current method used for control of bollworm in cotton is - Bt. transgenic
cotton produced
575. Photo-
Respiration occurs in – Chloroplast
576. Water use
efficiency is highest in which plants - CAM Plants
577. Chromosomal
theory of inheritance was proposed by- Sutton & Boveri
578. The price
fixed by govt. is called - minimum support price
579. The
present farming system of India has become - Market oriented
580. Which
chemical is mostly used for breaking tuber dormancy in potato-thiourea
581. The term
water harvesting was first time used by - Mayers
582. The first
commercial hybrid cotton of the world is - Hybrid -4
583.
International Day for biological diversity - 22 May
584.
Measuring of heights one by – Clinometer
585. The
number of electrons for convertion of No3 to NH4-16
586. Bangalore
is also known as Garden city
587. origin of
potato is from - Peru (S. America)
588. Dormancy
breaking hormone is – cytokinin
589. the
element involved in energy transfer and storage in plants is - Phosphorus
590. Fruit
ripening hormone is – Ethylene
591. which is
the antidote of insect poisoning -Atropine
592. Minimum
support price is formulated by- CACP(total 28 crops)
593.
Luxury consumption or maximum uptake nutrient is- K
594. Crop
canopy temperature is measured by - Infra red thermometer
595. Secondary
Plant nutrients are- Ca, Mg, & S
596. hulling
%age in rice is - 65 %
Compiled by: Premaradhya, N. M.Sc. Agri. Agronomy Page 14 of 18
598. Which
method of s.cane sowing prevents the lodging - Trench method
599. Inflorescence
of sugarcane is called – Arrow
600. Shedding
of plants part is due to - ABA hormone
601. First
hybrid in the world of red gram is -ICPH-8
602. The most
preferable soil structure for agriculture is - Granular & Crumby
603. Taxonomically
organic soils are – Histosols
604. Which
soil is most suitable for dry land agriculture - Black soil
605. First man
made cereal is – Triticale
606. Dead
heart and white ear disease is related to – Rice
607.
IBPGR is situated at - Italy , Rome
608.
India’s share in the fruit production in the world
is 10 %
609. What is
relay cropping - The second crop sown before harvesting of first crop
610. Measurement
of sunlight intensity is expressed in - Lux units(old)/Einstein(new)
611.
In water logged arid gas found in abundant –
Methane
612. Curing
process is related to the crop- Tobacco
613. The book “
nature & Properties of soil “ is written by - N.C. Brady
614.
Chemical used for delinting of
cottons - H2So4
615. Maximum N
loss in rice crop is due to - Denitrifiaction
616. Wind
velocity can be measured by – Anemometer
617. Queen of
spices is – Cardamom
618. buck
wheat is called - Psedo cereal
619. Very
dangerous disease of s.cane is red rot
620. World’s
staple food is - Rice
621. Fibre of
cotton contains – Cellulose
622. Movement
from higher concentration to lower concentrationn is known as - diffusion
623. Gold of
America is known as - Soybean
624. Formula
of Net Capital ratio is - Total assets /Total liabilities
625. Theory of
evolution was given by - charles Darwin
626. Which
Indian Scientist shared world food prize for miracle maize - Dr. Surinder K.
Vasal
627.
ICAR day is celebrated on 16 July
628.
Light red carnation represent to – Admiration
629. ANOVA
table stands for analysis of - Variance
630. Formula
of harvest index is - Economical yield / Biological yield * 100
631. RBI was
est. in 1935
632. Who
discovered vitamin – Funk
633. Regur
soil refers to - Black soil
634. Biological
active form of glucose is - D-form
635.
Lodging preventor is - CCC ( Cycocel)
636. FAO was
started in 1948
637. Which
design is used when fertility gradient is in two direction – LSD
638.
International pest is Schistacerca gregaria
639. Bhoodon
movement was started in 1951
640. Cooperative
movement was started by- F. Nicholus (1904)
641. Flared square
symptoms are seen in cotton due to the - Spotted boll worm
Compiled by: Premaradhya, N. M.Sc. Agri. Agronomy Page 15 of 18
643. Root
promoting hormone is IBA
644. Ooze test
is done for detecting Bacteria
645. First
product of urea hydrolysis is - Ammonium Carbamate
646. NABARD
was set up on the recommendation of - Siva Raman committee ,Narsimhan
Committee1982
647. The trade
name of BHC is - Grammexone
648. Who
discovered mitocondria - C. Benda(1897)
649. Bt cotton
was discovered in - 1901 japan by Ishwata
650. the term
cytokinin was proposed by - - Letham ( 1963 )
651. Kinetin
and zeatin are the - Cytokonins
652. photosynthesis
is an - Oxidation - Reduction process
653.
Largest importer of cut flower in the world is -
Germany
654. Gibberellin
was discovered for the first time used by - - Kurosowa
655. Water
soluble vitamin is - Vitamin –C
656. Greenhouse
effect is also known is -- Global warming
657. VAM act
as a - Symbiotic association
658.
LEISA stand for - Less external input sustainable
agriculture
659. Blue
Revaluation in India was started during - Fifth five year plan ( 1970 )
660. who
discovered pH concept – Sorenson
661. DRIS
concept given by –Beaufils
662. The term ‘remote
sensing ’ was first used in – USA
663. Acidity
in gram leaves is due to - Malic acid / oxalic acid
664.
Photosynthetic rate is highest in c4 plant
665.
Lock and Key Model was proposed by - Fisher
666. Anti -
Sterility vitamin is - Vitamin E
667. Double
seed formation in cotton is due to - Pink bollworm
668. Forest
conservation act was made in – 1980
669. Netural
parthenocarpy is found in – Banana
670. the term
vernalization was coined by - TD Lysenco
671. Chemical
relationship is done between two cells by-Plasmodesmata
672. White
revolution was accomplished by which scientist - V. Kurien
673. How much
time is needed for sterilization in autoclave - 15 minutes
674.
In which bacterial reproduction phase , virus is
involved – Transduction
675. First
plant flower mandi was situated at- BANGLORE
676. Regional
Plant resource centre is situated at – Bhubaneswar
677. Cultivation
of crops in areas where the annual rainfall is less than 750 mm is called- Dry
Farming
678. Central
soil salinity research institute is situated at -Karnal ( HR)
679. What is
the ideal location of greenhouse- North – South
680. According
to ICMR vegetable required per capita per day is - 300 gram
681. Biggest
tree of the world is - Baniyan tree
682. Kisan
call cente begun in the year 2004
683. Net
cultivated area of India is – 143
684. Kisan
divas is celebrated on 23 Dec.
685. The share
of agriculture in global warming is - Approx. 25 %
686. Environment
day is celebrated on - 5 th June
Compiled by: Premaradhya, N. M.Sc. Agri. Agronomy Page 16 of 18
688. Fingerprinting
is related to which crop – Pineapple
689.
yellow vein mosaic virus disease is related to
Bhindi
690. Which
clay Mineral is dominant in Black soil- Montmorillonite
691. Sprouting
in onion is controlled by the hormone of –MH
692. Which
chemical/ hormone is used for regular bearing in mango- Paclo butrozol (PP333)
693. High
yielding variety of wheat was developed by -Borlaug
694.
break down of clods , crusts and
plant material by the impact of particles moved by wind in saltation is called
as - Abrasion
695.
A soil with a pH value less than
7 hence having more hydrogen ions than hydroxyl ions in the soil solution is
called as - Acid Soil
696.
The movement of ions and water
into the plant root because of metabolic processes by the root, frequently
against an electrochemical potential gradient is referred to as - Active
absorption\
697.
The chemical in commercial
product that is directly responsible for the herbicidal activity is called its
- Active ingredient
698.
the transfer of heat energy my
means of horizontal mass motions through a medium is termed as - Advection
699.
A technique in growing plants
where in the plants derive their nutrients and eater from a mist of air and aqueous
solution that comes in contact with the roots is called - Aerophonics
700.
A term proposed by Mc Gillchrist
in 1965 , which is a measure of how much a relative yield increase in component
a is greater than for component b is known as -Aggressively
701.
The removal of excess water known
as free water or gravitational water from the surface of the farm land as to
create favourable soil conditions for plants growth is called as - Agriculture
drainage
702. The
growing of agricultural crops along with the forest crop is known as - Agri-
silviculture
703.
A land units defined in terms of
major climate and growing period, which is climatically the homogenous response
of a crop or a farming system is called as - Agro - climatic zone
704.
An alternative renewable fuel
,produced from vegetable oils or animal fats through a refinery recess called
trans- esterification is called as - Bio - diesel
705. in India
, NRC for medicine and aromatic plants is located at - Anand
706.
A branch of science , which deals
with the stud of grasses , their classification , management and utilization is
called - Agrostology
707.
The area that comprises of all
the areas from which water flows out into a common river or water pool is
called as-Catchment Area
708.
A branch of science, that studies
the aspects of climate , which are relevant to the problems of agriculture is
called - Agro- climatology
709.
A Medium , which resists change
or a substance added to resist change in concentration of-r pH activity in a
solution as called as - Buffer
710.
the crop which is grown as a substitute
for the main crop that has failed on account of unfavourable condition is
called as - Catch crop
711. the ratio
of total cropped area in different seasons to the total land area is known as -
Cropping intensity
712. The
branch of agriculture which deals with scientific crop production and
management is – Agronomy
713. Cultivation
of crops in Areas where rainfall is less than 750 MM per annum is known as -
dry farming
714.
the study of the inter -
relationship of living organisms with each other and with their environment in
an agricultural system is called as - Agro- ecology
715. The crops
that are grown to break the continuity of the agro-ecological situation of the
field under
Compiled by: Premaradhya, N. M.Sc. Agri. Agronomy Page 17 of 18
716.
The competitive interaction
between the crop species in intercropping and sequential cropping through the
release of chemical substances or toxins is called - allelopathy
717.
The chemical substance released
by one species may inhibit more strongly plants of the producer species it self
is termed as - Auto - inhibition
718.
The production technique that
combines agriculture and forestry , horticulture or animal husbandry on the
same piece of land in the order to fully utilize the natural resources is
called as - Agro- forestry
719.
the fraction of the total solar
radiation incident on a body that is reflated by it and expressed in % age is
called as – Albedo
720.
A substance added to a soil for
the improvement of its physical and chemical properties is called as –
Ameliorant
721.
An appropriate combination of
farm enterprises i.e. cropping system ,livestock, poultry ,fisheries , forestry
and the means available to the farmer to raise them for increasing
profitability is called as - farming systems
722. The
scientist , who has been called as father of organic farming is - albert Howard
723. the
process of use of micro- organism to remove salts from soil is referred as –
Bioremediation
724. the
organization that is related to export of ’ Agricultural processed product ’ is
- Agri- export zone ‘
725. “
Sugarcane breeding Institute “is located at - Coimbatore
726.
The ratio between water deficit
to potential evapotranspiration and expressed in %age is termed as - Aridity
index
727.
A term given by Donald in 1963 ,
Which is a measure to find out the yield of various crops when grown together
as well as separately and indicating the yield per plant of different crops in
mixture and their respective pure stand on an units basis is known as
Competition Index
728.
A biological model which is
expected to perform or behave in a predictable manner a defined environment is
known as - Ideotype
729. gene
responsible for dwarfing characters in rice is - Dee-Gee-Woo-gen
Compiled by: Premaradhya, N. M.Sc. Agri. Agronomy Page 18 of 18
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